PERFECTION STUDIES: CONTINUITY•SYMMETRY•HARMONY GOALS.SEPT..2024
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As the Big Bang Is Re-examined, Base-2 Opens.
Planck units architect a start of Universe.
By Bruce E. Camber (first draft)
Abstract
• Apply base-2 notation (multiplying by 2) to Planck’s base units; it renders 202 layers from the first instance of the universe (13.8 billion years ago) until today, the Now.
• Hypothesize that the sphere is the first building block; we begin to recognize and then analyze the pervasive continuities-symmetries-harmonies of pi (π).[*]
• Discover the unknown within the known; be guided by axioms, logic and simplicity.
At no time did Stephen Hawking, Alan Guth, Andrei Linde or any of the other prime movers of Big Bang cosmology ever stop to analyze an actual exponential notation of numbers associated with the fundamental constants of our universe. Neither did Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Erwin Schrödinger, nor any of our other Nobel laureates ever explore the numbers that are generated by a simple base-2 exponential notation of fundamental constants.
Within the first second, the Planck base units have “exploded” out to fill an area. It is not the big bang. It’s base-2 notation. If you were to multiply those base units by 2 over-and-over, 143 times, renders 18.5 tredecillion infinitesimal spheres per second.[†] Can you help us calculate that area? The density of each notation, the aggregate of them to Notation-143, and cubic-close packing, make it difficult.
Introduction. Young students are told to follow the numbers. Perhaps today’s formulations should be opened to even more areas for exploration. Let’s encourage our students of every age to follow the numbers, geometries, and equations.
Had our leading scholars started with a clean slate (tabula rasa) when considering the start of the universe, eventually they would have considered the Planck base units. These numbers represent basic equations that could readily be involved with the start. If they were to apply exponential notation, they would have uncovered basic continuity equations [1] for Planck Length and Planck Time, and Planck Mass and Planck Charge.
We would hypothesize that they start at the first moment of the universe, then go out from that start to the current moment, the Now. This model of the universe is ever-expanding.
Capturing the first moment defined by those Planck base units is a challenge. What does it look like? Among the possibilities would be an infinitesimal sphere, a most-basic shape of the universe; and, of course, it involves pi (π): 3.14159+.[2]
If these scholars had considered these units, they just may have applied the simplest possible exponential notation (base-2) and discerned that there are 202 base-2 notations that encapsulate the universe.
That would have caused a fundamental stir within academia:
If base-2 exponential notation is used with the Planck natural units, it proceeds to encapsulate everything, everywhere, for all time in just 202 notations.[3]
Research. In December 2011 we unwittingly followed Max Planck’s base units. We were dividing the edges of tetrahedrons and octahedrons by 2 and that generated our first most-simple chart. Like Kees Boeke base-10 work, it happened in a high school. Had we been aware of of the work of George Stoney (1874), we could have used his numbers. Also, the international standards organizations — ISO, CODATA, BIPM, and NIST[4] — also have had numbers. At some time in the not so distant future, we may use their numbers.
Yes, in 2011 we began following Planck’s base units. Five years later, 2016, by following those numbers, we created a one-of-a-kind, horizontally-scrolled chart that was overwhelming, but magical. We put it on the web for all to see. It inspired a comparison with the numbers from both Standard Models. As a result of this homepage that comparison created between 2016 to March 2019 will now be updated.
Also in 2016, Stephen Hawking’s statement about exponential notation received a lot of attention. On global educational television he asked his key question about the start of the universe, then answered it:
“Where did the universe come from? The answer, as most people can tell you, is the big bang. Everything in existence, expanding exponentially in every direction, from an infinitely small, infinitely hot, infinitely dense point, creating a cosmos filled with energy and matter. But what does that really mean and where did it all begin?”.– Stephen Hawking, PBS, Genius, 2016
In the 1970s Big Bang cosmology and the Steady State theory were the only viable options. And, between the two, the Big Bang seemed like the best option. Yet, we found no records of anybody looking to follow actual numbers that would have been generated by exponential notation. In effect, there are thousands of numbers being exponentially generated from just the natural units like those calculated in 1899 by Max Planck and in 1874 by George Johnstone Stoney. Within the history of science, those base units were largely ignored by science for over 100 years. Mostly determined by dimensionless constants, these numbers finally command a bit of respect.
We can look at this simple math and ask, “What might happen in the first second? …the first year? …or even the first million years?” Those three initial points for analysis — a second, a year, and a million years — may seem like reasonable places to stop and explore, but we quickly discovered that one second is within Notation-143. That’s out a total of 202 base-2 notations. One year is within Notation-169 and a million years is within Notation-189. By the first second, well over two-thirds of the notations that define this universe are in motion.
We wondered what we have we missed. The answer, we discovered, is, “Quite a lot.”
We started to learn about the early universe, first from Steven Weinberg at Harvard University with his book, The First Three Minutes (1976). When we first met in 1979, he was a professor of physics and most scholars supported what was known as big bang cosmology. In 2021 a group of 27 global scholars collaborated on the first three seconds of the universe. Weinberg begins his study at 1/100th of a second. That’s within Notation-138. Those 27 scholars try to venture closer to the Planck units but are held back by big bang cosmology. They’ve got to give the big bang time to bang and then a bit of time to have inflation smooth it all out. One of many possible scenarios uses Alan Guth’s inflaton, his one-of-a-kind super-luminal event. Along with many hypothetical particles, this very large coterie of scholars begins to work magic and miracles.
Results: We’re following key base-2 numbers.
1. In light of big bang cosmology, one set of key numbers is on the cusp of the capability of our measuring devices, Notations 64-67. Those notations are for imagination and new thinking. It’s a zone for quantum fluctuations, neutrinos, and quarks. Time is mathematically defined in yoctoseconds[5], units of a trillionth of a trillionth of a second. There is no time for mistakes. There is little time for experimentation. It’s all impossibly dense; like within a neutron star, there’s no room to move.
2. Here are pure geometries, equations, and mathematics. After three years of discussions, we hypothesized that these numbers create the most-simple thing that harbors the greatest complexities — the sphere. We boldly speculated that the smallest-possible, perfect sphere (Notations 0-1) defines spacetime. Creating straight lines between the centers of each sphere, those spheres stack, pack, then create perfect tetrahedrons and octahedrons (Notations 1-5).
Such speculative hypotheses led to a simple calculation: one plancksphere per unit of Planck Time. It renders a constant, 18.5 tredecillion spheres per second. A speculative hypothesis: a grid of infinitesimal spheres populates the universe.[6] Base-2 is a most basic ordering system to capture it all. We are now following pi(π) and her spheres.
3. Sphere stacking and cubic-close packing of equal spheres are keys. And, there’s a revolution of spin states.[7] Those numbers come from pi (π), a never-repeating pattern with never-ending units. It can be said that these numbers are always different, but always the same. In creative dynamics, here is a compressed conflict like no other whereby the random essence and indeterminacy of those numbers create a most-profound order (continuity), relations (symmetry), and dynamics (harmony).[8]
4. The Fourier Transform comes alive and demonstrates the extraordinary diversity of pi(π). So close are those infinitesimals to the infinite, the infinitesimals may well help us to grasp a better definition of the infinite that empowers a deeper understanding of life.[9]
5. The key qualities of pi(π), continuity-symmetry-harmony, are not quantitative. These numbers create order-relations-dynamics. The results are finite. But, what are numbers? Infinite numbers? There doesn’t seem to be anything in between the finite and the infinite, so we have assumed that these facets of reality actually are part of the definitions of the infinite before becoming finite, especially for our purposes within this website and for this emergent model. Also, as we analyzed this quantitative-qualitative divide, we began seeing continuity-symmetry-harmony as a basis for value. We emerged with a working pie-shaped chart.[10]
It is a very different look at our foundations, especially for value, valuations, and ethics.
There have been people who have claimed the statement that “everything is numbers.” Most often it is attributed to Pythagoras. His associate, Theano, said that he said ”according to numbers.”[11] Yet, she could have gone further. The endless, never-repeating patterns of numbers are at the same time perfect symmetries. At the same time it describes spin states. Everything is according to numbers and geometries and equations. And beyond it all, we are still discovering basic geometries that even Euclid would appreciate. Nothing is ever static.
6. Following numbers (time), geometries and equations: Yoctoseconds, the Aristotle Gap, and quantum fluctuations. We all need to discover those key notations that define the yoctosecond, a trillionth of a trillionth of a second. We started with Notation-64. By Notation-67 we were actually looking at quantum fluctuations. Thinking that this was the very edge of reality, our mathematicians and physicists searched no further. They did not know about the numbers and geometries of that notation so these critical constructs were never placed into the kettledrum of creativity. Yet, those who color outside the lines have discovered new shapes and equations.[12] These are our creatives, thinkers who have been constructing possibilities for the never-cited, first 64 infinitesimal notations.
7. In his writing of the De Caelo, Aristotle claimed that space could be tessellated with a tetrahedron. In the 1400s scholars of the De Caelo debated and a few decided that Aristotle was wrong. Yet, there wasn’t another article[14] about it until in 1926 when a Dutch mathematician, Dirk Struik, reviewed those earlier discussions. He reviewed the scholarship up to his time and summarized the array of correct and incorrect conclusions about Aristotle’s original statement (for her translation– please thank Marjorie Senechal).[15]
We have begun, and will continue, our studies of their work.[13] These are people Schrödinger was thinking about it when he said, “The task is not so much to see what no one has yet seen, but to think what nobody has yet thought about that which everybody sees.”
Perhaps the most important element of the 2012 writing of Jeffrey Lagarias and Chuanming Zong (Mysteries in Packing Regular Tetrahedra, PDF, American Mathematical Society, Dec. 2012)[16], is the.image of the tetrahedral gap created with five tetrahedrons. In 2012 we had become familiar with the work of Jonathan Doyle and his Cluster Structure Group[17] in Cambridge, England. At about the same time we discovered the work of Frank-Kasper (1958); they seem to have made the first calculation about the size of the gap.
In May 2022 we posted perhaps the first images of the five octahedral gap. Although nobody has commented on it, we think it is important. Similar to the five tetrahedral gap identified within the Mysteries article by Lagarias & Zong, at no time do our scholars ask the question about how these gaps manifest in physics, chemistry or biology. Slowly, we began to realize how how pivotal these gaps are. We had made models with our plastic tetrahedrons and octahedrons and demonstrated how, when they have the space, they dance (more like a jitterbug).
8. In our analysis, which included manipulating handheld, working models, we dubbed it all “squishy geometry”[18] and then more seriously, quantum geometry. We were confident that indeterminacy, even chaos, creativity and freedom, could be attributed to these infinitesimal, physical gaps. When the time is too short and the densities too high, gaps become difficult and then impossible. In 2013 we started our analysis with a one-page, desktop chart.
We scratched that surface enough to know that it is so huge and very important that it needs to be done well. We are trying to figure it out, but there’s so much to learn.
9. We were strangers in a strange land indeed. And, we were well outside our comfort zone. These charts, however, seem to demand that we be speculative. Max Planck certainly was when he derived his base units. When it came to the speed of light, little did he know that his calculations were in the margin of error of the ISO-certified constant of 299,792,458 meters per second.[19] Yet, by using the results of his equations within this model of the universe, the speed of light becomes a variable by notation (See the tenth line of our horizontally-scrolled chart). It’s become one of our many studies.
10. These numbers, geometries and equations are pushing us to be more speculative: singularities, Dark Matter–Dark Energy, blackholes (I,II), and the language of God. We’re challenged.[20] Every speculative concept is brought back to our examination room. Nothing is exempt.
By following the numbers by notation, there is one conclusion we’ve reached: All notations are currently active. There are 202 layers of interdependency. All time is now. All notations, except the 202nd notation, have time symmetry. Yet, the sleep cycles of the universe provide a regular means of updating the Now so it too maintains qualities of symmetry.
.Summaries and Conclusions. There are a few other summaries of the work done on our site. First, there are three compilations of pages: All the homepages, pages by topic, and a pull-down menu at the top of every page within this website (cursor over the word, HOME). There are other summary pages as well: First principles, 12 Key Concepts, Scholars, Five to start-four to grow, Eight Concepts, Eight Views, and Review.Eight. There are over 450 posts, over 500 summaries of scholars’ work (with my notes, emails, etc), and over 2000 pages that all define this website.
As a scientific, philosophical, and mathematical community, this study marks a somewhat informal study of base-2 notation from the Planck base units. Yet, it changes everything. Instead of trying to start with everything-everywhere-for-all-time, we start with the most simple thing — an infinitesimal sphere — and watch the universe grow quite smoothly, orderly, relationally, and dynamically. By following the numbers, we can begin to see that it works as an alternative model to big bang cosmology (and, of course, the old steady state theory).
It opens a new door, the contents of which I believe are worth exploring. – BEC
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Resources
These resources will be updated as new information is processed.
[*] Continuity-symmetry-harmony. Retrieved 11 September 2024: https://81018.com/csh/
[†] 143 times. Retrieved 11 September 2024: https://81018.com/the-firsts/#Second
[1] Continuities. Retrieved 11 September 2024: https://81018.com/chart/
[2] Pi (π) 3.14159+ & Planck base units. Retrieved 11 September 2024: https://81018.com/identity/
[3] Base-2 notation. Retrieved 11 September 2024: https://81018.com/base-2/
[4] ISO, CODATA, BIPM, and NIST. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/agencies/
[5] Infinitesimal spheres fill the universe. Retrieved 12 September 2024: https://81018.com/sphere/
[6] Tredecillions. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/tredecillion/
[7] Stacking-Packing-Spin. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/spin/
[8] Harmony. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/harmony/
[9] Understanding Life. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https:81018.com/csh/
[10] Pie-shaped Chart. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/values/
[11] Numbers. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/number/
……… Number Theory: https://81018.com/numbers-numbers-numbers/
[12] Yoctoseconds. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/the-firsts/#19
[13] Creatives. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/functional-analysis/
[14] Struik translation. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/struik-senechal/
[15] Marjorie Senechal. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/senechal/
[16] Lagarias-Zong Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/biased/#Zong
[17] Cluster Structure Group. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/cluster-structure/
[18] Squishy Geometry Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/squishy/
[19] Speed of light. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/c/
[20] Open challenges. Retrieved 14 September 2024: https://81018.com/challenge/
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Reading and re-reading
What is opened on the desk, on the shelves and on the floor.
Rydberg constant. We’ve been talking to the NIST people for many years. They have a Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty and within it, “2022 CODATA Value: Rydberg constant”. Constants can teach us like no others numbers. The equations that make up the number and the use of the number are key. With this opening paragraph, we will learn about the Rydberg constant and how it teaches us just a little more about the infinitesimal and its continuity equations.
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Afterthoughts
Personal reflections.
Berggruen Institute. Highly-focused institutes and foundations inspire us to go further. Located in the Los Angeles area, this institute inspired me to write this article which became a new homepage on 11 September 2024. In doing this homepage, a nascent script began to be written. I was thinking that maybe Apple TV+ might take it on. I thought, “I’ll write to Tim.” The opening scene is set in the new-but-stately offices of Berggruen up in the hills overlooking the ocean. With their board of directors and staff, we are discussing how best to introduce an “Integrated View of the Universe” to the world, especially to people whose hostilities with others may begin to boil over. The world is prioritized and a race is on to the present the data to the world’s most explosive leaders and most convincing spokespeople. The proposal is to shoot actual footage with world leaders and spokespeople while the presentation is going on. “May I have your commitment to have your best scholars consider it and advise you?” More than a brief newsclip, this dialogue is incorporated into an on-going docudrama as part of our historical records.
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Emails
There will be emails to many of our scholars about key points.
24 September 2024: Publisher & Editors, Undark, Cambridge. Massachusetts
24 September 2024: Peter Godfrey-Smith, Sydney, Australia
24 September 2024: Alan Lightman, MIT, Cambridge, MA
21 September 2024: Martín López Corredoira, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Spain
19 September 2024: Anna Ijjas-Rosenzweig, NYU and MPI – Gravitational Physics, Hannover, DE
19 September 2024: Chris Isham, Imperial College London, England, UK
17 September 2024: Dan Hooper, University Chicago, Fermilab, Illinois
15 September 2024: Joachim von Braun, University of Bonn, Bonn, DE
15 September 2024: Nicolas Berggruen, Berggruen Institute, Los Angeles
More to come…
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IM
There will also be many instant messages to thought leaders about these key points.
27 September 2024. In 2022 AI was slow to pick up on the JWST’s results. Today, AI “seems” open to questioning the Big Bang. Base-2 notation of the Planck base units emulates the Big Bang yet starts with an infinitesimal sphere and by the 202 doubling is at the age and size of the universe Might there come a point when AI affirms the base-2 model over the Big Bang ahead of academia? https://81018.com
24 September 2024: Anthony Nairn: (online form) https://81018.com/interdependencies/ is an attempt to think about the start of the universe in a slightly different way. Base-2 with Planck’s units encapsulates everything, everywhere for all time in just 202 notations. All numbers, geometries, and equations, it seems worth time to either review it and explain its failures or… Thanks. -BEC
16 September 2024: Tim Cook, CEO, Apple Computer, Cupertino, California
14 September 2024: James L Dolan, Chairman, Sphere Entertainment Co., Las Vegas, Nevada
14 September 2024: Nicolas Berggruen, Berggruen Institute, Los Angeles, California
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Critique____ You are always invited to participate.
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Keys to this page, interdependencies
• This page became the homepage on 11 September 2024.
• The last update was September 28, 2024.
• Prior homepage: https://81018.com/too-simple/
• Next homepage: https://81018.com/perfecting/
• This page was initiated back in April 2024 (response to Berggruen Institute).
• The URL for this file is https://81018.com/interdependencies/
• The headline for this article: As the Big Bang is Re-examined, Base-2 Opens.
______________________________Planck units architect the start of Universe.
• First teaser* is: Unveiling 202 Active Layers of Interdependencies that define the Universe.
*Or, wicket, kicker or eyebrow.
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AI summary:
The content delves deeply into various scientific concepts and theories, interweaving mathematics, physics, and philosophy. The abstract discusses fundamental constants and exponential notation, prompting readers to calculate the area and explore more areas for investigation. The introduction highlights the significance of Planck base units and continuity equations for the start of the universe, challenging traditional cosmology. The research details the authors’ work with base units, resulting in a unique chart and a comparison with standard models. The results section underscores the importance of notations 64-67 and pure geometries in defining spacetime.
Furthermore, it delves into speculative quantum geometry, pi’s role in sphere stacking, and implications for singularities and dark matter. The piece concludes with references, personal reflections on the Berggruen Institute, and an invitation for participation.
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