Jean-Luc Lehners, Max Planck Research Group Theoretical Cosmology
ArXiv: No Smooth Beginning for spacetime
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• Get a grip. Get the universe.
• If Turok Tells Us That Hawking Is Wrong,  The Big Bang Apple Is Falling.

Notation Doubling of

 —-          Planck Time               Planck Length          Planck Mass        Planck Charge
173         645,492,017.5 s           1.935015×10¹⁷ km     2.605×10⁴³ kg       2.245×10³⁴ C
199         4.331×10¹⁶ s                1.298×10²⁴ km           1.748×10⁵¹ kg        1.506×10⁴²C

LAST SCATTERING SURFACE. According to the standard Big Bang theory, the early Universe was sufficiently hot for all the matter in it to be fully ionised. … These photons reach present-day observers as the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB).

Job Feldbrugge, Jean-Luc Lehners, Neil Turok No smooth beginning for spacetime. 2017. [arXiv][pdf]